What is Legionnaires' Disease?

Legionnaires' disease is a potentially fatal form of pneumonia caused by Legionella bacteria. Whilst this bacteria is widespread in natural water systems such as rivers and ponds, it is rare to catch the disease from these sources due to the conditions typically required for growth and transmission.

Legionnaires' disease is contracted by inhaling small droplets of water suspended in the air that contain the bacteria. This is most likely to occur in purpose-built water systems such as cooling towers, swimming and spa pools, hot tubs, taps and showers. Additionally, the water in these systems is typically maintained at temperatures high enough to encourage bacterial growth, between 20-45 °C.

Although possible for healthy people to become infected with Legionnaires' disease, the most at-risk populations include:

• Immunocompromised people
• People over the age of 45
• Smokers and heavy drinkers

Symptoms and Treatment

Legionnaires' disease must be treated with antibiotics as soon as possible. When not treated promptly, it can lead to a number of life-threatening complications such as respiratory failure. 

Initial warning signs of Legionnaires' disease often presents as flu-like symptoms, including:

• Coughing
• Shortness of breath
• Chest pain or discomfort
• Fever
• Muscle pain

Prevention and Testing

Prevention of Legionnaires' disease requires robust management systems that ensure water is monitored and cleaned regularly. Deposits such as rust, sludge, scale, organic matter and biofilms support bacterial growth by providing a source of nutrients for the organism, so it is very important these water systems are maintained to a high standard.

Regular monitoring and testing also forms a fundamental part of any comprehensive water management plan. As per HSE guidance, open water systems such as cooling towers, evaporative condensers and spa pools should have routine testing carried out by a UKAS accredited laboratory at least quarterly to help prevent the spread of harmful pathogens.

How We Help

At Envirochem, we offer UKAS-accredited Legionella testing services that detect and quantify the presence of bacteria, allowing water management companies to quickly detect changes, determine whether quality has been compromised and effectively implement the right corrective measures.

Additionally, we offer self-sample testing and analysis kits for domestic homeowners with pools and hot tubs for whom large-scale management services may be out of reach. Every kit comes with a comprehensive safety guidebook and all the necessary PPE equipment to ensure that you can collect samples confidently and safely. Backed by the same commitment to accuracy and safety as our full-service solutions, these kits empower you to take proactive steps to ensure your health and safety.

For tailored advice and actionable strategies to manage Legionella risks effectively, get in touch with one of our experts.